View source for Source:Walker:Joseph Smith's Introduction to the Law:129-130:Under New York law, being just thirteen, Joseph's testimony about the work he had performed was admissible only after the court found him competent

{{FME-Source
|title=Walker: In 1819 "Under New York law, being just thirteen, Joseph's testimony about the work he had performed was admissible only after the court found him competent"
|category=Joseph Smith/Character
}}
<onlyinclude>
==Walker: In 1819 "Under New York law, being just thirteen, Joseph's testimony about the work he had performed was admissible only after the court found him competent"==
In 1819, a year prior to the First Vision, Joseph Smith was thirteen years old.  His family sued a neighboring farmer over a dispute regarding some horses they had purchased.  One author explained that Joseph's use as a witness indicates that the trial judge and jury found him both trustworthy and competent to give evidence:
<blockquote>
Under New York law, being just thirteen, Joseph's testimony about the work he had performed was admissible only after the court found him competent.  His testimony proved credible and the court record indicates that every item that he testified about was included in the damages awarded to the Smiths.  Although Hurlbut [the farmer they were suing] appealed the case, no records have survived noting the final disposition of that case; perhaps it was settled out of court.  The significance of this case is not limited to the fact that a New York judge found the young Joseph, just a year prior to his [[Joseph_Smith's_First_Vision|First Vision]], to be competent and credible as a witness....

The trial was held on February 6, 1819.  Twelve jurors were impaneled, all men and property owners.  The Smiths called five witnesses, Hurlbut seven.  Both Joseph Jr. and Hyrum were called to testify.  This appears to be young Joseph's first direct interaction with the judicial process.  He had turned thirteen years old a month and a half previously.  New York law and local practice permitted the use of child testimony, subject to the court's discretion to determine the witness' competency.  The test for competency required a determination that the witness was of 'sound mind and memory.'  A New York 1803 summary of the law for justices of the peace notes that 'all persons of sound mind and memory, and who have arrived at years of discretion, except such as are legally interested, or have been rendered infamous, may be improved as witnesses.'  This determination of competency rested within the discretion of the judge....

From the record it appears that Judge Spear found Joseph Jr. competent, and he indeed did testify during the trial.  This is evident in a review of the List of Services that was part of the court file.  Joseph Jr.'s testimony would have been required to admit those services he personally performed.  His testimony was certainly combined with Hyrum's.  Hyrum was born February 11, 1800, and was therefore nineteen years old at the time this case was tried.<ref>{{Periodical:Walker:Joseph Smith's Introduction to the Law|pages=129-130}} </ref>
</blockquote>
</onlyinclude>
{{endnotes sources}}